Performance expectationUse evidence to support claims regarding the formation, properties and behaviors of solutions at bulk scales.
HS-PS1-10 is unique to New York State — it does not appear in the national NGSS set for Chemistry, which is why practice material for it is so hard to find.
Examples of physical properties could include colligative properties, degree of saturation, physical behavior of solutions, solvation process and conductivity. Examples of solution types could include solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, and gas-liquid solutions. Concentrations can be quantitatively expressed in ppm, molarity, and percent by mass.
Assessment of colligative properties is limited to qualitative statements of boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.
Every item written to HS-PS1-10 has to assess all three dimensions together, not the content alone. This is the structural change that made older practice material stop matching the exam.
Engaging in Argument from Evidence
What a student at each level can do with HS-PS1-10. These drive how a cluster spreads difficulty across its items.
Summarised by ScienceIQ from the NYSED Performance Level Descriptions for Physical Science: Chemistry. These are our wording, not the Department’s — the official descriptions are the authority.
Identify relationships among solution formation, properties, or behavior.
Use mathematical representations to describe or form a solution.
Use data or evidence to support relationships among solution properties.
Use evidence to support claims about solution formation, properties, and behavior.
Phenomenon stimulus, connected items across the required types, answer key, rubric and figures drawn deterministically from a structured spec — in the format your students will sit.