Performance expectationDevelop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.
Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical reaction is a system that affects the energy change. Examples of models could include molecular-level drawings and diagrams of reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved.
Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.
Every item written to HS-PS1-4 has to assess all three dimensions together, not the content alone. This is the structural change that made older practice material stop matching the exam.
Developing and Using Models
What a student at each level can do with HS-PS1-4. These drive how a cluster spreads difficulty across its items.
Summarised by ScienceIQ from the NYSED Performance Level Descriptions for Physical Science: Chemistry. These are our wording, not the Department’s — the official descriptions are the authority.
Identify energy changes in a chemical reaction system.
Use a model to describe release or absorption of energy.
Use a model to describe energy associated with breaking or forming bonds.
Develop a model showing that reaction energy depends on changes in total bond energy.
Phenomenon stimulus, connected items across the required types, answer key, rubric and figures drawn deterministically from a structured spec — in the format your students will sit.