Physical Science: Physics · Forces and Interactions

HS-PS2-4Gravitational and Electrostatic Forces

Performance expectation

Use mathematical representations of Newton's Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects.

What NYSED says about assessing it

Clarification statement

Emphasis is on both quantitative and conceptual descriptions of gravitational and electric fields.

Assessment boundary

Assessment is limited to systems with two objects.

The three dimensions

Every item written to HS-PS2-4 has to assess all three dimensions together, not the content alone. This is the structural change that made older practice material stop matching the exam.

Science & engineering practice

Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking

Disciplinary core ideas
  • PS2.B: Types of Interactions
Crosscutting concepts
  • Patterns

Related performance expectations

Generate a cluster for HS-PS2-4

Phenomenon stimulus, connected items across the required types, answer key, rubric and figures drawn deterministically from a structured spec — in the format your students will sit.